基于damage-abatement模型的我国农业生产中农药施用行为之经济分析
投稿时间:2017-11-27  修订日期:2017-11-27  点此下载全文
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作者单位邮编
张军伟* 上海财经大学财经研究所 200433
张锦华 上海财经大学财经研究所 
吴方卫 上海财经大学财经研究所 
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(面上项目,重点项目,重大项目)
中文摘要:近年来,农药成为粮食生产中不可缺少的生产要素,但农药的超量使用已造成较大的负外部性,谋求农药施用量的减少成为政府和学界思考的重要内容之一。本文通过建立damage-abatement生产函数模型,分析了影响粮农农药施用的主要因素;利用上海财经大学2011年千村调研1的数据,实证检验了粮食生产过程中各种要素对农药施用行为的影响。研究表明市场收益、政府介入及农户特征这三类因素均会对农药施用产生影响。具体是:粮食销售价格、产量、种粮收益占总收益的比例对农药的施用有显著促进作用;农业生产保险、种粮补贴、农业技术人员的宣传和指导作用、农民的文化程度、粮食的种植动机等都对农药的滥用有抑制作用。在此基础上进一步分析了农户的政策诉求,得到结论:使用农药强度高的农户对技术指导的诉求反而低于使用农药强度低的农户,这种逆向选择进一步增加了农药滥用治理的难度。
中文关键词:施用强度 影响因素 政策诉求 逆向选择
 
Based on the damage - abatement model in our country the economic analysis of pesticides in agricultural production behavior
Abstract:Pesticides in recent years, become the indispensable factors of production in food production, but the excessive use of pesticides has larger negative externality, for applying pesticide content reduce become one of the important content of the government and academic thinking. Through the establishment of damage - abatement production function model, this paper analyzes the main factors influencing the food and agriculture pesticides; Use of Shanghai university of finance and research the data of 2011 thousand village empirically the food production process of various elements affect the behavior of pesticides. Research has shown that grain sales price, yield, grain yield accounted for the proportion of total revenue for a significant role in promoting the application of pesticide; Insurance of agricultural production, grain subsidies, agricultural technical personnel's propaganda and guidance, the farmers' cultural degree, grain planting motivation for the abuse of pesticide has inhibitory effect. High strength pesticides' food and agriculture demands of technical guidance relative to the low intensity use pesticides' food and agriculture demands for technical guidance on the low side, this kind of adverse selection to further increase the difficulty of pesticides governance.
keywords:Application strength, influence factor, Policy appeals, Adverse selection
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