论未经授权电子支付损失分配规则——兼论《电子商务法》第57条的完善

郑  德  群

论未经授权电子支付损失分配规则——兼论《电子商务法》第57条的完善

引用本文：郑德群.论未经授权电子支付损失分配规则——兼论《电子商务法》第57条的完善[J].财经理论与实践,2023,(2):154-160

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作者	单位
郑德群	（中国人民大学法学院，北京 100872）

中文摘要:《电子商务法》第57条首次构建了未经授权电子支付损失分配规则，但从2018—2021年的司法实践考察，第57条鲜有援引。对相关裁判文书的进一步分析发现，在未授权电子支付损失分配中，用户承担的风险并未因《电子商务法》的颁布而降低，反而有所增高。立法规定不足以激励电子支付服务提供者与用户谨慎交易，无法有效降低电子支付业务的社会成本。只有确立用户责任限制规则并明确责任限制事由，方能激励服务提供商与用户合力防范未授权支付风险。

中文关键词:未经授权支付电子支付损失分配

Loss Allocation for Unauthorized Electronic Payment —Improvement of Section 57 of the Electronic Commerce Law

Abstract:Article 57 of The Electronic Commerce Law sets out the liability rules for unauthorized electronic payment for the first time, but there are few citations to this provision in judgment in the past three years. Further analyse of relevant judgments shows that in the loss distribution of unauthorized electronic payment, the risks borne by users are not decreased due to the enactment of e-Commerce Law, but increased. These liability rules are not enough to encourage electronic payment service providers and users to act prudently and unable to effectively reduce the social cost of electronic payment business. Only by seting user liability limitation rules and clarifying the cause of liability limitation can service providers and users be encouraged to prevent unauthorized transaction risks together.

keywords:unauthorized payment electronic payment loss allocation

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