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扩招后大学毕业生数量增长对城市产业结构升级的影响
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引用本文:何昱1,李梦祎2.扩招后大学毕业生数量增长对城市产业结构升级的影响[J].财经理论与实践,2019,(5):102-112
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何昱1,李梦祎2 (1.湖南大学 经济与贸易学院湖南 长沙410079 2.中国人民大学 汉青经济与金融高级研究院北京100872) 
中文摘要:通过计算城市技术复杂度指标,利用2003-2013年286个城市的面板数据,考量扩招带来的高校毕业生人数增长对当地产业结构升级影响,结果显示:扩招后高校毕业生人数增长对城市产业升级整体上有促进作用,这种促进作用在不同规模的城市具有显著差异。在中等规模城市的产业升级过程中,大学生吸收技术和创新能力需要通过更多的外商投资和更高的市场化程度实现。而对于大型城市,提高专业化程度是产业结构升级的核心,更有利于发挥大学生的专业技能优势。此外,居民的消费结构升级是城市产业结构升级的重要推力。地方政府应继续扩大开放,吸引外资,推动市场化和专业化分工,有效发挥大学生在推动城市产业升级方面作用。
中文关键词:大学扩招  人力资本  城市产业结构升级
 
The Impact of College Enrolment Expansion on Regional Industrial Upgrading
Abstract:To identify the impact of increasing number of college graduates on regional industrial upgrading, this paper gives a proof by using "Sophistication Index" and 286 Chinese cities' panel data from 2003-2013. The regression result shows that college enrolment expansion has a positive effect on regional industrial upgrading. Adding interaction terms to the regression model, we find there are different impacts on cities of different scales. In medium-sized cities, more FDI and higher level of marketization will facilitate college graduates to absorb new technology and enhance their innovation abilities. In big-sized cities, specialization is significant. It facilities college graduates to make full use of their majors in college. The policy suggestion for municipal government is to keep opening up to attract more FDI, and to improve the level of marketization and specialization in cities.
keywords:College enrolment expansion  Human capital  Regional industrial upgrading
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