美国油气法捕获规则的形成与发展——兼及对中国立法的启示

屈茂辉; 宋泽江

美国油气法捕获规则的形成与发展——兼及对中国立法的启示

引用本文：屈茂辉,宋泽江.美国油气法捕获规则的形成与发展——兼及对中国立法的启示[J].财经理论与实践,2018,(3):155-160

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作者	单位
屈茂辉,宋泽江	（湖南大学法学院，湖南长沙 410083）

中文摘要:美国油气法捕获规则系判例法确立的一项产权制度，从野生动物捕获规则移植而来。该规则对美国石油天然气产业发展起到了极大的促进作用，但同时也产生了过度开采、资源浪费等问题。美国各州相继通过颁布强制联营规则、井间距规则、禁止浪费规则等一系列配套立法对油气法捕获规则进行修改和限制，提高了油气开采效率，保证了油气产业的有序发展。借鉴美国油气法捕获规则的立法与司法经验，我国未来石油天然气立法应当制定油气资源矿业权重叠情形下的联合开发规则，同时应当完善石油天然气上游产业市场准入制度和油气开采监管制度。

中文关键词:石油天然气捕获规则矿权重叠市场准入

The Formation and Development of Rule of Capture in American Oil and Gas Law:The Revelation to Legalization of China

Abstract:The rule of capture in American oil and gas law is a common law system of property rights, which is transplanted from wildlife capture rules. The rule has played a great role in promoting the development of American oil and gas industry, but also produced over-exploitation, waste of resources and other issues. The states of America have made changes and restrictions on the rules of oil and gas capture by issuing a series of supporting legislation such as compulsory unitization rules, well spacing rules, and regulations prohibiting waste. The efficiency of oil and gas extraction has been improved and the orderly development of oil and gas industry has been ensured. Based on the legislation and judicial experience of rule of capture in American oil and gas law, China's future legislation on oil and gas should formulate joint development rules under the condition of overlapping mining rights of oil and gas, and should improve the market access system of oil and gas upstream industry.

keywords:oil and gas rule of capture mineral rights market access

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